In 1966, sixteen years after Turing's paper, a computer scientist at named Joseph Weizenbaum built a program called ELIZA. It could hold a conversation. The person on the other end didn't know they were talking to a machine.
Here is a real exchange from Weizenbaum's original paper. See if you can spot the machine.
Question
Which one is ELIZA?
The colored text. It wasn't understanding anything. It was scanning for keywords and reflecting them back. No learning. No model of the world. Just pattern matching on text. The person typing believed they were being heard.