Nothing in common

Lay the row for dog next to the row for puppy.

dog has its 1 in one slot. puppy has its 1 in another. Everywhere else both rows are 0. There is no slot where both light up.

Now do the same with dog and skyscraper. Again the 1s sit in different slots. Again they share nothing.

The related pair and the unrelated pair look the same. The list can tell the words apart. It cannot tell you which ones belong together.